Meaning of preferential allotment of shares
It is a process using which companies allots their shares to a group
of people or interested companies on preferential basis. Bulk
allotment of shares is done to individuals, venture capitalists or
group of interested people. A company wants to raise funds to carry
out different functional or operational activities. Also it may be
looking for expansion or starting with new unit. Issuing securities
to public at large scale is a tedious process and is time consuming
as well. In order to save this time and raise funds in an efficient
manner companies opt for preferential allotment of shares. To do so
less paper work is required and thus companies can raise funds in
less time. Both private and public companies can make such allotment
but more rules and regulations are applicable to public companies.
Meaning of private placement
In common language we can say that private placement is a funding
event in which securities are sold not through public offering but
private offering to small number of selected investors. In two ways
it can be done : equity private placement and debentures private
placement. Investors who looks for private placement can be mutual
funds and insurance companies, banks and pension funds. Less rules
and regulations are to be followed here but it is mandatory to follow
all stated rules by regulatory bodies. Private placement of shares
facilitates issuer to raise funds quickly by avoiding the time
consumed in registering with SEC(Security and Exchange Commission).
Also process of underwriting the securities is fast here. Issuer can
receive the benefits from the sale in very less time. In one
financial year a company can make private placement to 50 investors
maximum and not more than it.
Some key difference between the preferential allotment of shares
and private placement are discussed below:
1) Preferential allotment of shares are done on preferential basis to
any interested group of people or companies. Private placement is
done to only selected group of investors.
2) Preferential allotment can be made within two months from the date
of receipt of funds whereas private placement can be done within 12
months followed by passing of a special resolution.
3) Valuation report and authorization in article are not required
with private placement . In case of preferential allotment they are
compulsorily required.
4) With preferential allotment shares are issued for cash or some
consideration which is equivalent to cash. In private placement one
can make payment through demand draft, cheque but not by cash.
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